Grasp the transformation trend of the construction industry and recognize the advantages of prefabricated steel structure buildings
my country's construction industry is still a traditional industry that is labor-intensive and has relatively extensive construction methods. There is still a certain gap compared with the requirements for high-quality development. The National Work Conference on Housing and Urban-Rural Development held at the end of last year emphasized that we should deepen the supply-side structural reform of the construction industry, continue to work hard on industrialization, digitalization, and green transformation, strive to provide high-quality construction products to the whole society, and create an upgraded version of "Made in China" . This clarifies the direction and path for the high-quality development of the construction industry.
The connotation of industrialized construction is factory production and on-site installation, which introduces the concepts of standardization, componentization, and assembly of manufacturing into the construction industry, turning buildings into industrialized products. However, it is not easy for the construction industry to "build houses like cars". In practice, industrialization of construction is even more difficult than building cars. The reasons are: First, building materials cannot be turned and milled like automobile parts. Second, the building components are not only large, bulky, and heavy, but the installation equipment and methods are completely different. The building is ultimately installed on site, not in a factory. Third, building products have obvious individual characteristics, and no two houses are exactly the same. The characteristics of industrialized construction are standardized design, factory production, assembly construction, integrated decoration, information management, and intelligent application. The core of it is assembly construction. Therefore, in order to achieve "building a house like a car", construction must vigorously The development of prefabricated buildings is an important starting point for industrialization.
Steel structure buildings have typical characteristics of assembly, industrialization, and greenness, and their advantages are lightness, speed, quality, and economy. Light refers to steel structure materials that are lightweight and high-strength, with small component sections, light weight, and high bearing capacity. They are suitable for larger spans and are easy to transport and install. Fast refers to the fact that the steel structure is made in a factory and can be produced in large batches with a high degree of industrialization. The construction method of factory manufacturing and high-strength bolt installation on the construction site can effectively shorten the construction period and create conditions for reducing the cost and maximizing the economic benefits of investment. . Good means that the raw materials have good mechanical properties, high reliability, good weldability, sealing, and durability, good structural seismic performance, easy disassembly, and good adaptability to new technologies. Saving means that compared with concrete structures, the overall life cycle cost is lower and steel can be recycled. The development of prefabricated steel structure buildings is not only a requirement for the construction industry to transform toward industrialization, digitalization, and greening, but also an inevitable trend in the development process of construction. It is an important support for the construction of good houses.
Clear obstacles to high-quality development and promote prefabricated steel structure buildings to gain momentum
To give full play to the advantages of steel structures, we must face up to the problems faced in development, take targeted measures to clear obstacles for high-quality development, and achieve a leap from prefabricated building steel structures to prefabricated steel structure buildings.
Establish the concept of "full assembly". Not only the structure must be assembled, but also the outer enclosure structure, interior systems, equipment and pipelines, decoration, etc. must be assembled. In order to achieve full assembly, information integration based on BIM technology is a difficult problem that must be solved first.
Solve issues of concern to the people. One is the cost issue. The cost of steel structure buildings is slightly higher than that of concrete structure buildings. It is necessary to calculate the accounts for the people from the perspective of comprehensive life cycle costs and win market recognition. More importantly, the cost of prefabricated steel structure buildings must be continuously reduced and the cost performance improved through technological innovation and management innovation. The second is the problem of poor corrosion resistance of steel structures. Steel structures are prone to rust in environments with humid and corrosive media, but under normal use and maintenance, their durability exceeds that of concrete structures. The application of weathering steel and new anti-corrosion technology can further improve the durability of steel structures. However, the anti-corrosion of the building envelope and connections must be highly valued and maintained regularly. The third is fire prevention issues. Steel structures are heat-resistant but not fire-resistant, so fire prevention measures must be taken to combine active fire protection with passive fire protection. The fourth is the issue of comfort. Through reasonable design, careful construction and careful maintenance, ensuring structural rigidity, preventing wall cracking and leakage, and ensuring thermal insulation, heat insulation, sound insulation, moisture-proof, air tightness and protection requirements, ideal comfort can be achieved. With the application of new technologies, the comfort of steel structures can be further improved.
At present, my country's steel structure buildings are developing rapidly, with a large number of steel structure venues, airports, stations and high-rise buildings rising from the ground. As the industrialization, digitalization, and green transformation of the construction industry continue to deepen, prefabricated steel structure buildings will accumulate momentum, stimulate the formation of new momentum and new advantages for development characterized by innovation and with quality as the key, and provide a basis for the development of new quality Productivity is gaining momentum.
